Frances Arnold on directed enzyme evolution: random mutation plus smart screening, and why it changed enzyme engineering and ...

Natural evolution is a slow process that relies on the gradual accumulation of genetic mutations. In recent years, scientists have found ways to speed up the process on a small scale, allowing them to ...

A major event in the evolution of organisms on earth was the development of complex, multicellular life forms made of eukaryotic cells, which are thought to have come from prokaryotic cells. Studies ...

Over 3,000 generations of laboratory evolution, Georgia Tech researchers watched as their model organism, “snowflake yeast,” began to adapt as multicellular individuals. catherine.barzler@gatech.edu ...

COCONUT ISLAND, Hawaii — On a moonless summer night in Hawaii, krill, fish and crabs swirl through a beam of light as two researchers peer into the water above a vibrant reef. Minutes later, like ...

An artist’s depiction of an artificially evolved enzyme breaking a silicon-carbon bond. [Caltech/Dow] For the first time, scientists have engineered an enzyme that can break the stubborn man-made ...

The world would look very different without multicellular organisms—take away the plants, animals, fungi, and seaweed, and Earth starts to look like a wetter, greener version of Mars. But precisely ...